International Bussiness an Asian Perspective Chapter 9-11

CHAPTER 9 9. 1)  Ã‚  The interest rate on South Korean government securities with one-year maturity is 4% and the expected inflation rate for the coming year is 2%. The  US  interest rate on government securities with one-year maturity is 7% and the expected rate of inflation is 5%. The current spot exchange rate for  Korea  won is $1 = W1,200. Forecast the spot exchange rate one year from today. Explain the logic of your answer. Drawing on what we know about the Fisher effect, the real interest rate in both the  US  and  South Korea  is 2%.The international Fisher effect suggests that the exchange rate will change in an equal amount but in an opposite direction to the difference in nominal interest rates. Hence since the nominal interest rate is 3% higher in the  US  than in  South Korea, the dollar should depreciate by 3% relative to the South Korean Won. Using the formula from the book:  Ã‚  (S1  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ S2)/S2  x 100 = i$  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ iWon  Ã‚  Ã‚  and substituting 7 for i$, 4 for iWon, and 1,200 for S1,  yields a value for S2  of $1=W1,165. 9. 3) You manufacture wine goblets.In mid-June you receive an order for 10,000 goblets from Japan. Payment of ? 400,000 is due in mid-December. You expect the yen to rise from its present rate of $1 = ? 130 to $1 = ? 100 by December. You can borrow yen at 6 percent a year. What should you do? The simplest solution would be to just wait until December, take the ? 400,000 and convert it at the spot rate at that time, which you assume will be $1=? 100. In this case you would have $4,000 in mid-December. If the current 180-day forward rate is lower than 100? $, then a forward contract might be preferable since it both locks in the rate at a better level and reduces risk. If the rate is above ? 100/$, then whether you choose to lock in the forward rate or wait and see what the spot does will depend upon your risk aversion. There is a third possibility also. You could borrow money from a ba nk that you will pay back with the ? 400,000 you will receive (400,000/1. 03 = ? 388,350 borrowed), convert this today to US$ (388,350/130 = $2,987), and then invest these dollars in a US account.For this to be preferable to the simplest solution, you would have to be able to make a lot of interest (4,000 – 2,987 = $1,013), which would turn out to be an annual rate of 51% ((1,013/4000) * 2). If, however, you could lock in these interest rates, then this method would also reduce any exchange rate risk. What you should do depends upon the interest rates available, the forward rates available, how large a risk you are willing to take, and how certain you feel that the spot rate in December will be ? 100 = $1. 9. ) You are the CFO of a Philipine firm whose wholly owned subsidiary in Mexico manufactures component parts for your Philipine assembly operations. The subsidiary has been financed by bank borrowings in the United States. One of your analysts told you that the Mexican pes o is expected to depreciate by 30 percent against the dollar on the foreign exchange markets over the next year. What actions, if any, should you take? Your financing and operating capital are in dollars, yet many of your costs (labor) must be in peso.Your hard assets are all in peso, and their value will decline. On the other hand, if the peso depreciates, then your dollars will go further. So perhaps doing nothing is the best approach. If you are pretty sure that the peso will depreciate, then you may want to avoid any major peso-denominated costs that you can until after devaluation. That may mean holding back on shipments if possible, and you may want any dollar-denominated purchases made before the devaluation.You may want to move any peso-denominated major accounts into dollars before the devaluation. CHAPTER 10 1. Why did the gold standard collapse? Is there a case for returning to some type of gold standard? What is it? The gold standard collapse for the reason it would not allow for a nation's economic expansion. When times of war or acts of the like required for a economy's government to spend above the limits of its gold supply in turn the government would print extra money into circulation to compensate the excessive expenditures.This would cause a problem when these times of crisis would end and the extra printed money caused rapid inflation with in that nation. That nation would then try to re-establish it's rate hold per ounce of gold, yet not being able to internationally maintain that rate which would cause failure in this system. This is just one good reason I see as the collapse of the gold standard. I would say not. The problem is presented when a nation has the desire and ambition to grow yet there is only a set amount of gold and silver to be removed from the earth to back monetary value.When you have a limited amount of backing it kind of limits your growth and expansion. I could foresee a problem with any system if the players are too i nconsistant and change the environment of the game too often. I currently have faith in our floating exchange rate system because it acommidates human inconsistancy and allows for frequent change with the ability to stabilize. 2. What opportunities might current IMF lending policies to developing countries create for international businesses? Most of these developing countries are consumer countries.IMF usually focuses on areas that will be improved by the specific kitty. You can therefore look into these areas and seek to be an exporter to them, whether of services or of goods. These countries are also seeking to stabilize balance of trade. If they seek to import, there is still business for anyone who is aligned to hit at the right time. The fact also, that they have simplified cost and maturity means that it can create sustainability of any business that starts due to ease of re-borrowing. 3.Do you think the standard IMF policy prescriptions of tight monetary policy and reduced g overnment spending are always appropriate for developing nations experiencing a currency crisis? How might the IMF change its approach? What would the implications be for international businesses? Critics argue that the tight macroeconomic policies imposed by the IMF in the recent Asian crisis were not well suited to countries that were not suffering from excessive government spending and inflation, but instead from a private-sector debt crisis with inflationary undertones.Anti-inflationary monetary policies and reductions in government spending usually result in a sharp contraction of demand, at least in the short run. In the longer term, the policies can promote economic growth and expansion of demand, which creates opportunities for international business CHAPTER 11 CLOSING CASE 1. Why did China Mobile feel it was necessary to issue equity in markets outside of its home base in Hong Kong? What are the advantages of such a move? Maybe it’s because China Mobile wanted to tak e advantage of international exchange rates.Since the company wanted to achieve maximum competitive advantage, one way of assuring itself that it will always have adequate capital funding is by seeking external currencies as sources for tapping and hedging against any local market conditions that may have a negative impact on its local stocks. The advantages of such a move are the fact that other major world currencies such as the U. S. dollar tend to be more stable against most world currencies and the fact that being cross listed easily can be a use of additional funding to the company in the future should the need arise. 2.Why did China Mobile price the bond issue in U. S. dollars instead of Hong Kong dollars? Pricing the bond issue in U. S. dollars instead of Hong Kong dollars is to safeguard the stability of the price of its bond. Since the capital markets within the American market is also the most vibrant in the world, pricing the bond in U. S. dollars will ensure that for pu rposes of trading, there is a more vibrant, ready and willing market that can assure China mobile's bond to have a fair value and upon expiration, market values will most likely be much higher than those of the local market. . Can you see any downside to China Mobile's international equity and bond issue? I don’t see any downside issues that should discourage China Mobile's international equity and bond issue. Probably, there would be more of a challenge in the socialist culture of China. By pricing its equity and bond internationally, the local market may shun from the company on their capital markets since it’s perceived to be more attractive in international players. Although China Mobile’s international†¦

Why College Is Necessary

Why A College Degree is Necessary Posted in General Information An education is something that no one will ever be able to take away from you. It is the best gift that you can give yourself. College usually requires a big financial investment upfront, but the reward is definitely worth it. Over the course of your lifetime, you are likely to pay far less for your college education then you would in earning potential by not having a college education. In simpler terms, a college degree usually equates to more MONEY. In fact, each level of college education that you receive will increase your overall earning potential. In other words, the more education you obtain, the greater your chances are at earning more money. For example, if you decide to pursue a one-year degree in a technical field such as a medical assistant – this will provide you with the opportunity to earn more than you would with just a high school diploma. Similarly, an associate’s degree (or 2 year degree) will give you an opportunity to earn even more money. The same is true for a bachelor’s degree and a master’s degree. Most students begin their careers after obtaining their bachelor’s degree. However, some students decide to remain in school for graduate studies in order to obtain a master’s degree. In some careers, a master’s degree further increases an individual’s earning potential. The Cost of Obtaining Advanced Degrees A lot of students either choose to pursue advanced degrees later on in their career or not at all because of how expensive they can be. For some students, it is important that they complete school so that they can find a job and support themselves and/or their families. However, with the advances in technology and increase in flexible schooling programs, obtaining advanced degrees is becoming more affordable and attainable. With the rise of online degree programs, night classes, and weekend classes, advanced degree seeking individuals are able to go back to school without sacrificing their current careers or family during the process. The â€Å"information age† has made it a lot easier for students to meet their educational and future goals. Education & Careers How will an education help you land that dream job? Well, your level of education will help you get your foot in the door. Most jobs have baseline requirements that typically require a degree in a certain field of study (i. e. accounting, education, psychology, etc. ). Current job trends demonstrate that employers are placing more value on degrees than work experience and if you want to remain competitive with your peers, then you must equip yourself with the proper education. Also, some jobs will offer bonuses or promotions to employees who decide to go back to school to seek an advanced degree, particularly if the advanced degree is related to their current position. Tuition Reimbursement A lot of companies have tuition reimbursement programs. What does this mean? This means that the company will either reimburse you for a portion of your tuition related fees or in some cases, all of your tuition fees. These types of programs prove that employers value education. There is really no wrong reason to get an education. Even if your bachelor’s degree or advanced degree doesn’t fit the specific job that you are applying to, it may still give you a leg up on the competition. A college degree is becoming more and more necessary in today’s competitive job market, so you should take every opportunity that is presented to you to earn a college degree. Taken from the website. http://www. thecollegehelper. com/why-a-college-degree-is-necessary

Spirit Bound Chapter Sixteen

I DIDN'T HAVE A PRECISE count of how many Strigoi were with Dimitri's group. So much of what I'd seen through Lissa had been blurred with confusion and terror. The guardians, knowing we were expected, had simply had to make a best guess about how many to send. Hans had hoped overwhelming force would make up for us losing the element of surprise. He'd dispatched as many guardians as he could reasonably clear from the Court. Admittedly, the Court was protected by wards, but it still couldn't be left entirely undefended. Having the new grads there had helped. Most of them had been left behind, allowing the seasoned guardians to go on our hunting party. That left us with forty or so. It was as unusual as large groups of Strigoi banding together. Guardians were usually sent out in pairs, maybe groups of three at most, with Moroi families. This large of a force had the potential to bring about a battle rivaling that of the Academy attack. Knowing that sneaking through the dark wouldn't work, Hans stopped our convoy a little ways from the warehouse the Strigoi were holed up at. The building was situated on a service road cutting off from the highway. It was an industrial area, hardly a deserted path in the woods, but all the businesses and factories were shut down this late at night. I stepped out of the SUV, letting the warm evening wrap around me. It was humid, and the moisture in the air felt especially oppressive when I was already smothered with fear. Standing beside the road, I felt no nausea. Dimitri hadn't posted Strigoi this far, which meant our arrival was still–kind of–a surprise. Hans walked over to me, and I gave him the best estimate I could on the situation, based on my limited information. â€Å"But you can find Vasilisa?† he asked. I nodded. â€Å"As soon as I'm in the building, the bond will lead me straight to her.† He turned, staring off into the night as cars sped by on the nearby highway. â€Å"If they're already waiting outside, they'll smell and hear us long before we see them.† Passing headlights briefly illuminated his face, which was lined in thought. â€Å"You said there are three layers of Strigoi?† â€Å"As far as I could tell. There are some on Lissa and Christian, then some outside.† I paused, trying to think what Dimitri would do in this situation. Surely I knew him well enough, even as a Strigoi, to calculate his strategy. â€Å"Then another layer inside the building–before you get to the storage room.† I didn't know this for certain, but I didn't tell Hans. The assumption was made on my own instincts, drawn from what I would do and what I thought Dimitri would do. I figured it would be best if Hans planned for three waves of Strigoi. And that's exactly what he did. â€Å"Then we go in with three groups. You'll lead the group going in for the extraction. Another team will accompany yours and eventually split off. They'll fight whoever's right inside, letting your group head for the captives.† It sounded so†¦ militaristic. Extraction. Captives. And me†¦ a team leader. It made sense with the bond, but always in the past, they'd simply used my knowledge and left me on the sidelines. Welcome to being a guardian, Rose. At school, we'd conducted all sorts of exercises, running as many different Strigoi scenarios as our instructors could dream up. Yet, as I stared up at the warehouse, all of those drills seemed like playacting, a game that could in no way measure up to what I was about to face. For half a second, the responsibility of it all seemed daunting, but I quickly shoved aside such concerns. This was what I had been trained to do, what I had been born to do. My own fears didn't matter. They come first. Time to prove it. â€Å"What are we going to do since we can't sneak up on them?† I asked. Hans had a point about the Strigoi detecting us in advance. An almost mischievous smile flickered on his face, and he explained his plan to the group while also dividing us into our teams. His approach tactic was bold and reckless. My kind of plan. And like that, we were off. An outsider analyzing us might have said we were on a suicide mission. Maybe we were. It honestly didn't matter. The guardians wouldn't abandon the last Dragomir. And I wouldn't have abandoned Lissa even if there were a million Dragomirs. So, with sneaking having been ruled out, Hans opted for a full-on attack. Our group loaded back into the eight SUVs and tore off down the street at illegal speeds. We took up the entire width of the road, gambling on no oncoming traffic. Two SUVs led the charge side by side, then two rows of three. We shot to the end of the road, came to a halt with screeching tires at the front of the warehouse, and spilled out of our cars. If slow stealth wasn't an option, we'd gain surprise by going fast and furious. Some of the Strigoi were indeed surprised. Clearly, they'd seen our approach, but it had happened so fast that they'd had only a little time to react. Of course, when you were as fast and deadly as Strigoi, a little time was all you needed. A group of them surged at us, and Hans's â€Å"outside team† charged back, those guardians putting themselves between my group and the other going inside. The Moroi fire users had been assigned to the outside group, for fear of setting the building on fire if they went inside. My team moved around the battle, inevitably running into a few Strigoi who hadn't fallen to the first team's distraction. With well-practiced determination, I ignored the nausea sweeping through me from being this close to Strigoi. Hans had strictly ordered me not to stop unless any Strigoi were directly in my path, and he and another guardian were beside me to cover any threats that might come at me. He wanted nothing to delay me from leading them to Lissa and Christian. We fought our way into the warehouse, entering a dingy hall blocked by Strigoi. I'd been right in my guess that Dimitri would have layers of security. A bottleneck formed in the small space, and for a few moments things were chaotic. Lissa was so close. It was like she was calling to me, and I burned with impatience as I waited for the hall to clear. My team was in the back, letting the other group do the fighting. I saw Strigoi and guardians alike fall and tried not to let it distract me. Fight now, grieve later. Lissa and Christian. I had to focus on them. â€Å"There,† said Hans, tugging my arm. A gap had formed ahead of us. There were still plenty of Strigoi, but they were distracted enough that my companions and I slipped through. We took off down the hall, which opened into a large empty space that made up the warehouse's heart. A few pieces of trash and debris were all that was left of the goods once stored here. Doors led off of the room, but now I didn't need the bond to tell me where Lissa was. Three Strigoi stood guard outside a doorway. So. Four layers of security. Dimitri had one-upped me. It didn't matter. My group had ten people. The Strigoi snarled, bracing in anticipation as we charged them. Through an unspoken signal, half of my group engaged them. The rest of us busted down the door. Despite my intense focus on reaching Lissa and Christian, one tiny thought had always been dancing in the back of my brain. Dimitri. I hadn't seen Dimitri in any of the Strigoi we'd encountered. With my full attention on our attackers, I hadn't slipped into Lissa's head to verify the situation, but I felt totally confident that he was still inside the room. He would have stayed with her, knowing I would come. He would be waiting to face me. One of them dies tonight. Lissa or Dimitri. Having reached our goal, I no longer needed extra protection. Hans pulled out his stake on the first Strigoi he encountered, pushing past me and jumping into the fray. The rest of my group did likewise. We poured into the room, and if I thought there'd been chaos earlier, it was nothing compared to what we faced. All of us–guardians and Strigoi–just barely fit inside the room, which meant we were fighting in very, very close quarters. A female Strigoi–the one Dimitri had slapped earlier–came at me. I fought on autopilot, barely aware of my stake piercing her heart. In this room, full of shouting and death and colliding, there were only three people in the world that mattered to me now: Lissa, Christian, and Dimitri. I'd found him at last. Dimitri was with my two friends against the far wall. No one was fighting him. He stood with arms crossed, a king surveying his kingdom as his soldiers battled the enemy. His eyes fell on me, his expression amused and expectant. This was where it would end. We both knew it. I shoved my way through the crowd, dodging Strigoi. My colleagues pushed into the fray beside me, dispatching whom-ever stood in my way. I left them to their fight, moving toward my objective. All of this, everything happening, had led to this moment: the final showdown between Dimitri and me. â€Å"You're beautiful in battle,† said Dimitri. His cold voice carried to me clearly, even above the roar of combat. â€Å"Like an avenging angel come to deliver the justice of heaven.† â€Å"Funny,† I said, shifting my hold on the stake. â€Å"That is kind of why I'm here.† â€Å"Angels fall, Rose.† I'd almost reached him. Through the bond, I felt a brief surge of pain from Lissa. A burning. No one was harming her yet, but when I saw her arms move out of the corner of my eye, I realized what had happened. Christian had done what she'd asked: He'd burned her ropes. I saw her move to untie him in return, and then my attention shifted back to Dimitri. If Lissa and Christian were free, then so much the better. It would make their escape easier, once we cleared out the Strigoi. If we cleared out the Strigoi. â€Å"You've gone to a lot of trouble to get me here,† I told Dimitri. â€Å"A lot of people are going to die–yours and mine.† He shrugged, unconcerned. I was almost there. In front of me, a guardian battled a bald Strigoi. That lack of hair was not attractive with his chalk white skin. I moved around them. â€Å"It doesn't matter,† said Dimitri. He tensed as I approached. â€Å"None of them matter. If they die, then they obviously aren't worthy.† â€Å"Prey and predator,† I murmured, recalling what he'd said to me while holding me prisoner. I'd reached him. No one stood between us now. This was different from our past fights, where we'd had lots of room to size each other up and plan our attacks. We were still crammed into the room, and in keeping our distance from the others, we'd closed the gap between us. That was a disadvantage for me. Strigoi outmatched guardians physically; extra room helped us compensate with more maneuverability. I didn't need to maneuver quite yet, though. Dimitri was trying to wait me out, wanting me to make the first move. He kept a good position, though, one that blocked me from getting a clear shot on his heart. I could do some damage if I cut him elsewhere with the stake, but he would likely get a hit in on me that would be packed with power in this proximity. So I tried to wait him out as well. â€Å"All this death is because of you, you know,† he said. â€Å"If you'd let me awaken you†¦ let us be together†¦ well, none of this would have happened. We'd still be in Russia, in each other's arms, and all of your friends here would be safe. None of them would have died. It's your fault.† â€Å"And what about the people I'd have to kill in Russia?† I demanded. He'd shifted his weight a little. Was that an opening? â€Å"They wouldn't be safe if I–â€Å" A crashing sound off to my left startled me. Christian, now freed, had just slammed his chair into a Strigoi engaged with a guardian. The Strigoi shrugged Christian off like a fly. Christian flew backward, slamming into a wall and landing on the floor with a slightly stunned look. In spite of myself, I spared him a glance and saw Lissa running to his side. And so help me, she had a stake in her hand. How she'd managed that, I had no idea. Maybe she'd picked it up from a fallen guardian. Maybe none of the Strigoi had thought to search her when she came in. After all, why on earth would a Moroi be carrying a stake? â€Å"Stop it! Stay out of the way!† I yelled at them, turning back to Dimitri. Letting those two distract me had cost me. Realizing Dimitri was about to attack, I managed to dodge without even seeing what he was doing. It turned out he'd been reaching for my neck, and my imprecise evasion had spared me the full damage. Still, his hand caught me on the shoulder, knocking me back almost as far as Christian had gone. Unlike my friend, though, I had years of training that had taught me to recover from something like that. I'd honed a lot of balance and recovery skills. I staggered only a little, then quickly regained my footing. I could only pray Christian and Lissa would listen to me and not do anything stupid. My attention had to stay on Dimitri, or I'd get myself killed. And if I died, Lissa and Christian died for sure. My impression while fighting our way inside had been that the guardians outnumbered the Strigoi, though that meant little sometimes. Still, I had to hope my colleagues would finish our foes off, leaving me to do what I had to do. Dimitri laughed at my dodge. â€Å"I'd be impressed if that wasn't something a ten-year-old could do. Now your friends†¦ well, they're also fighting at a ten-year-old level. And for Moroi? That's actually pretty good.† â€Å"Yeah, well, we'll see what your assessment is when I kill you,† I told him. I made a small feint to test how much he was paying attention. He sidestepped with hardly any notice at all, as graceful as a dancer. â€Å"You can't, Rose. Haven't you figured that out by now? Haven't you seen it? You can't defeat me. You can't kill me. Even if you could, you can't bring yourself to do it. You'll hesitate. Again.† No, I wouldn't. That's what he didn't realize. He'd made a mistake bringing Lissa here. She increased the stakes–no pun intended–on everything. She was here. She was real. Her life was on the line, and for that†¦ for that, I wouldn't hesitate. Dimitri must have grown tired of waiting for me. He leapt out, hand again going for my neck. And again I evaded, letting my shoulder take the brunt of the hit. This time he held on to my shoulder. He jerked me toward him, triumph flaring in those red eyes. In the sort of space we were in, this was probably all he needed to kill me. He had what he wanted. Apparently, though, he wasn't the only one who wanted me. Another Strigoi, maybe thinking he'd help Dimitri, pushed toward us and reached for me. Dimitri bared his fangs, giving the other Strigoi a look of pure hatred and fury. â€Å"Mine!† Dimitri hissed, hitting the other Strigoi in a way that he had clearly not expected. And that was my opening. Dimitri's brief distraction had caused him to loosen his grip on me. That same close proximity which made him so lethal to me now made me just as dangerous. I was by his chest, by his heart, and I had my stake in hand. I'll never be able to say for sure just how long the next series of events took. In some ways, it felt like only one heartbeat passed. At the same moment, it was as though we were frozen in time. Like the entire world had stopped. My stake was moving toward him, and as Dimitri's eyes fell on me once more, I think he finally believed I would kill him. I was not hesitating. This was happening. My stake was there– And then it wasn't. Something hit me hard on my right side, pushing me away from Dimitri and ruining my shot. I stumbled, barely avoiding hitting anyone. While I always tried to be vigilant regarding all things around me in a fight, I'd let my guard down in that direction. The Strigoi and guardians were on my left. The wall–and Lissa and Christian–were on my right. And it was Lissa and Christian who had shoved me out of the way. I think Dimitri was as astonished as I was. He was also equally astonished when Lissa came toward him with that stake in her hand. And like lightning through the bond, I read what she had very, very carefully kept from me the last day: She had managed to charm the stake with spirit. It was the reason she'd been so keyed up during her last stake-practice session with Grant and Serena. Knowing she had the tool she needed had fueled her desire to use it. Her hiding all of that information from me was a feat on par with charming the stake. Not that it mattered right now. Charmed stake or no, she couldn't get near Dimitri. He knew it too, and his surprise immediately changed to delighted amusement–almost indulgent, like the way one watches a child do something adorable. Lissa's attack was awkward. She wasn't fast enough. She wasn't strong enough. â€Å"No!† I screamed, leaping toward them, though pretty certain I wasn't going to be fast enough either. Suddenly, a blazing wall of heat and flame appeared before me, and I barely had the presence of mind to back up. That fire had shot up from the floor, forming a ring around Dimitri that kept me from him. It was disorienting, but only for a moment. I knew Christian's handiwork. â€Å"Stop it!† I didn't know what to do, if I should attack Christian or leap into the fire. â€Å"You'll burn us all alive!† The fire was fairly controlled–Christian had that much skill–but in a room this size, even a controlled fire was deadly. Even the other Strigoi backed away. The flames were closing in on Dimitri, growing tighter and tighter. I heard him scream, could see the look of agony, even through the fire. It began to consume his coat, and smoke poured out from the blaze. Some instinct told me I needed to stop this†¦ and yet, what did it matter? I'd come to kill him. Did it matter if someone else did it for me? And that's when I noticed Lissa was still on the offensive. Dimitri was distracted, screaming as the flames wrapped around him. I was screaming too†¦ for him, for her†¦ it's hard to say. Lissa's arm shot through the flames, and again, pain surged through the bond–pain that dwarfed the earlier singe from Christian burning her ropes. Yet she kept going, ignoring the fiery agony. Her alignment was right. She had the stake aimed at the heart. The stake went in, piercing him. Well, kind of. Just like when she'd practiced with the pillow, she didn't quite have the strength to get the stake where it needed to go. I felt her steel herself, felt her summon up every ounce of strength she had. Throwing her full weight into it, she shoved again, using both hands. The stake went in further. Still not enough. This delay would have cost her her life in a normal situation. This was not a normal situation. Dimitri had no means to block her, not with the fire slowly eating him. He did manage a small struggle that loosened the stake, undoing what little progress she'd made. Grimacing, she tried again, pushing the stake back to its former position. Still, it wasn't enough. I came to my senses then, knowing I needed to stop this. Lissa was going to burn herself up if she kept trying to stake him. She lacked the skill. Either I needed to stake him or we just needed to let the fire finish him off. I moved forward. Lissa caught sight of me in her periphery and sent out a blast of compulsion at me. No! Let me do this! The command hit me hard, an invisible wall that made me come to a halt. I stood there dazed, both from the compulsion itself and the realization that she'd used it on me. It only took a moment for me to shake it off. She was too distracted to put her full power into the order, and I was pretty compulsion-resistant anyway. Yet, that slight delay had stopped me from reaching her. Lissa seized her last chance, knowing she'd get no other. One more time, fighting through the fire's searing pain, she threw everything she had into shoving the stake all the way into Dimitri's heart. Her strike was still awkward, still requiring a little more wiggling and pushing than the clean hit a trained guardian would make. Clumsy or not, the stake finally made it. It pierced his heart. And as it did, I felt magic flood our bond, the familiar magic I'd felt so many times when she performed a healing. Except†¦ this was a hundred times more powerful than anything I'd ever felt before. It froze me up as neatly as her compulsion had. I felt as though all of my nerves were exploding, like I'd just been struck by lightning. White light suddenly burst out around her, a light that dwarfed the fire's brightness. It was like someone had dropped the sun into the middle of that room. I cried out, my hand rising instinctively to shield my eyes as I stepped backward. From the sounds in the room, everyone else was having a similar reaction. For a moment, it was as if there was no bond anymore. I felt nothing from Lissa–no pain, no magic. The bond was as colorless and empty as the white light filling the room. The power she'd used had over-flooded and overwhelmed our bond, numbing it. Then the light simply disappeared. No fade-out. Just†¦ gone in an eye blink. Like a switch had been flipped. There was silence in the room, save for a few murmurings of discomfort and confusion. That light must have been toxic to sensitive Strigoi eyes. It was hard enough for me. Starbursts danced in my sight. I couldn't focus on anything as the afterimage of that brilliance burned across my vision. At last–with a little squinting–I could vaguely see again. The fire was gone, though black smudges on the wall and ceiling marked its presence, as did some lingering smoke. By my estimation, there should have been a lot more damage. I could spare no time for that miracle, though, because there was another one taking place in front of me. Not just a miracle. A fairy tale. Lissa and Dimitri were both on the floor. Their clothes were burned and singed. Angry red and pink patches marked her beautiful skin from where the fire had hit hardest. Her hands and wrists were particularly bad. I could see spots of blood where the flames had actually burned some of her skin away. Third-degree burns, if I was recalling my physiology classes correctly. Yet she seemed to feel no pain, nor did the burns affect her hands' movement. She was stroking Dimitri's hair. While she sat in some semblance of an upright position, he was in an ungainly sprawl. His head rested in her lap, and she was running her fingers through his hair in a gentle, repetitive motion–like one does to comfort a child or even an animal. Her face, even marred with the fire's terrible damage, was radiant and filled with compassion. Dimitri had called me an avenging angel, but she was an angel of mercy as she gazed down at him and crooned soothing, nonsense words. With the state of his clothes and what I'd seen in the fire, I'd expected him to be burned to a crisp–some sort of blackened, skeletal nightmare. Yet when he shifted his head, giving me my first full view of his face, I saw that he was completely unharmed. No burns marked his skin–skin that was as warm and tanned as it had been the first day I'd met him. I caught only a glimpse of his eyes before he buried his face against Lissa's knee. I saw endless depths of brown, the depths I'd fallen into so many times. No red rings. Dimitri†¦ was not a Strigoi. And he was weeping.

OLPC Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

OLPC - Essay Example The idea of OLPC came to his mind in a deprived village called Reaksmy in Cambodia (MARKOFF, 2005) which needed a 5-hour drive from the nearest city. The people there do not even have electricity, drinking water and the people are mostly very poor. Negroponte established a school there 8 years ago. He also placed a satellite dish to send and receive signals and generators as power supplies. Then they gave a laptop to each child. Immediately, school got a lot more popular and modern as a school in a developed country. Kids who had never had the idea of what a computer looks like before were now a part of the modern world. Nicholas Negroponte was really impressed since the children who did not even have a TV before, had a high speed internet connection now. Negroponte's idea was that children should not have any need for anyone to teach them how to use a computer. He had the idea of designing a laptop computer which they could experiment the way to use it on their own or with a little assistance from a friend. Negroponte says the idea of One Laptop Per-Child is complete... team of engineers and programmers to design and implement a personal computer which could be usable for a child in a Third World conditions, an advanced computer with many innovations. For example, it's the first laptop computer with can be used in open air and in full sunlight. Water may be dropped on the keyboard and it will not be damaged at all. Sand and dust cannot enter the system and this level of protection, keeps it safe for a long time. Recently the OLPC project is facing with a new challenge which is competition and there is a question regarding this goal, If Negroponte's idea is absolutely humanitarian and kids are proposed to be the only persons to benefit from it, why there are companies which want to do the same work Perhaps the large number of needed laptops for children is the reason. With such a big number of cheap laptops going to be distributed around the world, these companies will face with loss of revenue. Intel for example is a company which Negroponte believes is doing an effort to prevent him from achieving his goal for example by giving a laptop to every child in a school in Mexico (IWAP, 2007). But Intel describes this effort as a part of the goal of giving any child a laptop and giving them the access to the most affordable computers. These laptops are now just models and they are not in the process of mass production. It is estimated that at least 3 million laptops is needed to be needed to be produced (OLPC, 2007). Negroponte is sure about getting these orders, even with the increasing amount of competition as other companies are trying to produce cheap laptops. Even considering these competitions, it is believed that the OLPC program will finally result in more kids getting laptops. This is at the end, what Negroponte wanted the

Disease Outbreak Report Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Disease Outbreak Report - Research Paper Example Information about the location of the scene and the characteristics of the affected persons should be included. This would involve checking the credibility of the hypothesis. This is done by comparing the hypothesis with the established facts concerning H1N1 disease. Another common method for checking credibility is by testing the hypothesis. This prevention strategy focuses on health education. It is aimed at preventing the H1N1 disease from infecting the people in question. It is done by giving passive and active immunization. It is also achieved by teaching people on how to maintain a healthy diet and the right weight (Gordis 2009). This level of H1N1 disease prevention focuses on treating the disease. Promotion in detection and screening is done at this level. It targets the population that is at risk. Screening of newborns can as well be applied. In order to overwhelm the H1N1 disease and get it treated before many are infected, the disease must have had a period enough for it to be detected before the onset of symptoms. The screening to be performed must be good. It should be sensitive such that this infected test positive. Maximum care should be taken so that it does not give false negatives or positives. The screening method should also be affordable and easy. It should remain painless and reliable as much as possible. Who is to be screened and how often it is to be done should also be worked out (Gordis 2009). The effectiveness of screening for H1N1 is measured by its potential, to decrease the mortality and morbidity of the disease. Correlational studies examine the trending of disease-specific mortality over a determined period of time. Cohort studies and case control are also used to evaluate the screening with volunteer and length-time bias being the major shortcomings. Conducting random clinical random trials can also be employed (Buettner

Law Legal Research and Research Methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Law Legal Research and Research Methods - Essay Example Palestinians on the other hand alleged Israel of continuously breaching Palestinian rights. There is nothing like a separate Palestinian people who are different from other Arabs were the conventional Israeli outlook. This was in the least assumed to be historical. The boundaries of historic Palestine and bordering countries were randomly fixed and there are already a number of Arab nations. Consequently it is irrational to stipulate that Israel should have any liability or part in instituting a nation for them. The Israeli Prime Minister (1969-74) Golda Meir in his famous statement summarized as: "There was no such thing as Palestinians ... It was not as though there was a Palestinian people in Palestine considering itself as a Palestinian people and we came and threw them out and took their country away from them. They did not exist." Some Arab leaders also expressed the same views. In addition to this evidence shows that during the British era when restriction on Jewish colonization to Palestine prevailed, unrestricted Arab migration/immigration to Palestine had taken p lace. Many Arabs have backed up and some carry on affirming the formation of a united Arab state covering all Arab peoples which includes Palestine. This would result in the non-existence of a separate Palestinian state. But this view became a minority perspective among Palestinians during the British Mandate, and began to disappear after 1948 However this opinion is still conveyed often in the Arab states outside Palestine particularly in Syria due to its adhesion to the Greater Syria Movement, launched in 1944 to constitute a "Syrian Arab" state which would include Lebanon, Syria, Jordan and Palestine. But this view and its development has become improbable under present political reality. Even those who wanted to favour it in some situations back up an independent Palestinian state as the most

Ecological Services Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ecological Services - Coursework Example Access to green vegetation to both rural and urban inhabitants and availability of inherent medicinal resources is one of the benefits of naturally occurring resources. The concept also entails natural processes such as pollination of crops and climatic regulation. Ecological system concept includes enhancement of stable and vibrant economy in the form of raw materials for industrial processes, provision of recreational facilities such as tourism. Finally, the concept entails benefits associated with educational and cultural paybacks, wellness and motivation from interrelating with nature. In summary, the concept of ecological systems can be summed up into major functionalities such as regulation, provision, and cultural aspects in the process of adding value to individuals. The processes mentioned entail the most basic functions of the ecosystem in entirety. From the â€Å"Ecological Services of Rivers,† the most important services include the formation of the bacterial bodies and human bodies. From the lecture notes, it is stated, â€Å"Humans are comprised of nearly 60 percent water by aggregate measure, and we depend on water, not only for our endurance, but for our benefit.† The implication of this is that humans cannot survive without water. Water gives life to humans because it aids even in the formation of the body cells of humans. According to the lecture notes, it is intimated â€Å"All life forms, from unicellular bacteria to multi-cellular plants and animals, contain water.† Humans are the multi-cellular being and are dependent on water for the basic formation of cells and composition of the body. Another vital service is the provision of food to the living organisms including humans. Food can only be available when pollination takes place in plants. The plants also purify the environment, therefore, providing a favorable environment for undertaking of economic

Personal background Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Personal background - Essay Example Choosing to seek a career in business was a mistake. I have always found great satisfaction in helping, supporting and caring for others. I also am very curios about the medical field and have a desire to gain medical knowledge. After finishing my studies, I could see that a career in Business would not provide this but a career in Nursing would. Although I was aware that I did not want to pursue a career in Business, I did not want to end my studies as I am a very committed to finish in whatever I have started. This is why I finished school with a Business degree. Prior to studying Business, I gained four years of care experience in a nursing home for the elderly. This is where my love for caring and looking after vulnerable people developed. My people skills have significantly improved throughout my years working as a carer. I have gained excellent skills that help me communicate with people from diverse backgrounds and with people who have hearing or mental health disabilities. I have also gained experience in dealing with emotionally and physically demanding patients. A key skill in this process is observing behaviour change in patients. I believe I can transfer my experiences and skills in this area towards my Adult Nursing study. My role as a healthcare worker involved caring for people with ageing related illnesses such as neurodegenerative diseases, inflammatory diseases, joint illnesses and cancer. I was assigned to observe five service users as a nurse and key worker as well. I worked closely with health care professionals such as district nurses, general practitioners and social workers. My duties included writing out care plans, recording changes in needed care and interacting with the family members of the service user. These duties have given me essential skills in promoting privacy and dignity whilst enhancing independence for the service receiver. Giving excellent person-centered care has always been one of my highest priorities. Through my work , I have managed to obtain a NVQ 2 in health and social care and other certificates such as Recorded and Administered Medication, four day training in Dementia Care and five day training for End of Life Care. I have obtained these certificates while working as a carer and studying for my HND business degree at the same. I found this challenging to combine my study with full time work, however, it has made me realize that I am a determined individual who is keen to work hard in order to achieve my goals. I truly enjoy working as a carer and working with people. I believe that I will have the same affection when I become a nurse. I believe nursing is a form self-enrichment and inherently rewarding work. The reason why I want to progress further from health care worker to Nurse is because during my work, I always felt the need to take on more responsibilities and showed curiosity in gaining in-depth medical/healthcare knowledge. I am excited to begin studying in an Adult Nursing course and I will most definitely enjoy applying the theory learned in class. I have chosen the Adult Nursing BSc because I have the option to specialize in many different areas of healthcare, thus giving me a variety of choices when the course is completed. Adult Nursing is the ideal career choice for me as it enables me to study something that I am not only interested in but passionate about, ensuring that day in, day out, I will know that I have a career in which I can truly make a

Case Overview (International business) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Case Overview (International business) - Essay Example To fight this inflationary fire, the central bank of Vietnam, the State bank of Vietnam has raised the key interest rates to 14%. This was the latest in a flurry of interest rate increases since February 2011. This interest rate increase is to be accompanied by usual anti-inflationary measures like tighter monetary policy and tighter control on credit. The government of Vietnam has also pledged to cut the burgeoning budget deficit and check the bleeding public sector enterprises of the country. The package introduced by the government to counter this inflation is known as Resolution 11. The Resolution 11 clearly states that the government seems determined to control inflation even at the cost of economic growth. At the meeting of the Asian Development Bank in Hanoi, Vietnam’s Minister for Planning and Investment conceded that because of the priority of the government to control inflation, the Vietnamese economy will fall short of its targeted growth rate of 7% to 7.5%. The private credit of Vietnam is a massive 120% of the GDP. This means that Vietnam is a sort of global record holder in credit creation. However, the saving grace is that bank deposits have kept pace with this record credit growth. Because of this high inflation, the dollarization and ‘goldisation’ of the economy have increased. Ordinary Vietnamese citizens are resorting to hedging against the inflation by keeping their reserves in dollars and gold instead of dong. What has helped this dollarization is the easy availability of dollars because of the large stock of it. In spite of the capital controls, the stock of dollars in Vietnam is high, because of the remittances sent by the large army of Vietnamese migrant workers working abroad .The banks of Vietnam also offer dollar deposits to the customers. To check the move to dollar deposits, the government has capped interests on dollar deposits to 3% against the very high interest rates of 14% on dong deposits. The country also has

Poverty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Poverty - Essay Example e has been an on-going debate as to the actual poverty numbers in the past with many experts claiming there as many as one billion people who fall and live below the poverty line. Most of these poor are in developing countries of the world. Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest numbers of persons living below the poverty line. According to the World Bank, studies by Bhalla (2002) and Sala-i-Martin (2002) claim that the â€Å"number of people living in extreme poverty has fallen more sharply than as indicated by World Bank estimates†. The duo suggests that first World Bank’s Millennium Development Goal (MDG) of halving the poverty rate by 2015 had in fact reached in 2000. In contrast other studies have stated that there has been no such decline as claimed by the World Bank. Reddy and Pogge (2002) and Wade (2002), in their assessment states that â€Å"the rate of decline in poverty is overstated by World Bank estimates.† These varying views are based on the various definitions or just understanding of what global poverty really is. The methods of measuring and assessing poverty data around the world also contributes to this differing school of thoughts. According to the World Bank (2008a) the world’s population living under extreme poverty dropped from 28 percent to 21 percent from 1990 to 2001 in developing countries around the world. The regions of East and South Asia witnessed most of the decline. In East Asia, the rate of poverty is said to have only dropped from 69 percent to 27 percent from 1990 to 2006. The same report suggests that the situation in Sub-Saharan Africa got worse as the number of people living under extreme poverty jumped from 231 million people in 1981 to 318 million in 2001, a 5 percent increase over 10 year period. Other regions of the world have not had dramatic changes in their poverty statistics. The economies of Eastern Europe and Central Asia which experienced a sharp drop in income in the early 1990’s have seen poverty rates

To Maintain A Commitement To Professionalism Essay Example for Free

To Maintain A Commitement To Professionalism Essay To maintain a commitment to professionalism I must remember that the parents are the primary teachers and I am there to support them. To me professionalism begins at the top, therefore in order to maintain a commitment to professionalism I will perform my job to the best of my ability. In order to help nurture the potentials of the children there are goals and activities that must be set forth. My goals for children are to instill a sense of well being and accomplishment, while infusing knowledge. In order for this to be accomplished this will not only include the students but also their families and teachers. Some of my goals include commitment , organization, and helping promote learning and child development. I will continuously observe the children to gather information about their skills so I can plan appropriate activities. Skills will include writing, language, use of materials, and fine motor skills. I will work with other professionals and parents to help me make a decision on the needs of the children and families. I find that meeting the needs of the children requires strong commitment. Working with children also takes time and dedication. I complete developmentally appropriate curriculum for each age group, even if it means doing extra work at home. In order to maintain professionalism I believe its important to communicate. I communicate not only with the children but with the parents and teachers. Its always good to know what area a child is lacking in during school, that way I can provide extra help when they are under my care. There are many different activities that I do with each age group of children in order to achieve my professional goals. These activities include open ceremony and discussion time. In this time the children are able to talk about their day at school, their weekend, or any other topics that they bring up. Other activities include homework, kids literature, indoor and outdoor games, arts and crafts, music, and science. During theses activities I am able to see the different skills that the children can perform.

Croatia Pest Analysis Essay Example for Free

Croatia Pest Analysis Essay Material quality (the hotels’ interior design and entertainment activities) Immaterial quality (quality in services and organization) (www. oecd. org) Pure service performance would diminish the profit. Therefore, the organization provides staff training, job security and high supervision in order to maintain quality human resource management. Technology such as OnQ forecast management System is implemented. (www. microsoft. om) Through this system the organization becomes precise in pricing and financing strategies and meets the customer preferences. (Ganesh D. at al. , 2001) Given that the company belongs to the tourism industry, the remaining value chain is: Principles Intermediary Customers Hamilton Hotels build vertical integration with their principles which provides additional activities. (Smeral, 1998) The cooperation includes arrangements with restaurants, leisure, recreation centers and banks and insurance companies. This vertical integration is expanded with airlines, rent a car and credit card companies. (www. oecd. rg) As far as the geographical expansion and the promotion of the Hamilton Hotels are concerned, intermediaries perform as major device. The most appreciated influencers are travel agencies. (Smeral, 1998) According to the management of Hamilton hotels, services after the accommodation could only increase the cost. In order to maintain low prices and meet the standards of customers, unnecessary services have been removed (Smeral, 1998) 3. PEST analysis 3. 1 Political analysis Croatia is constitutionally parliamentary democratic country. Signing the Dayton Peace Accords in 1995, brought high level of security and protection. (www. state. ov) Though, corruption is awkward issue that remains. In addition, the political forces in the country, in 2004 outlined a Commission that will prevent conflicts of interests and legislation that will stop money laundering. (www. buyusa. gov) In orde r to secure the success of transition into a market economy, Croatia implements reforms in legal institutions, policy development and investment plans. While being influenced by the requirements from the EU membership, Croatia has executed several projects for harmonization. (Strategy for Croatia, 2005) First step was to prepare the legal Croatian system according to the EU norms and rules. According to Anon (2005) â€Å" EU policies, as well as the obligations from its IMF stand-by arrangement, World Bank structural adjustment loans and WTO membership- commit Croatia to increase transparency and to equitable application of laws to both domestic and foreign business†. Thus, Croatia maintains good connections with many significant EU political and financial institutions and its neighbors. The market economy involves implementation of government anti-inflationary policy and progress of the private sector through privatization. Priority Action Plan (PAP) was the result of the government aim. Strategy for Croatia, 2005) 3. 2 Economic analysis Under the tight fiscal and monetary policy, Croatia had 4. 3 % growth of GDP in 2005 ( 30 950 million â‚ ¬). (www. shelter. incom. hr) The forecasting predicts continuously improvement since increased personal consumption and service growth, especially in the tourism industry, will occur. (www. balcanionline. it) Croatia appl ies its monetary policy to maintain price stability and stable value of national currency. (www. hgk. hr) The inflation rate in 2005 was 3. 3. The impact of unemployment in Croatia can’t be evaluated because of grey economy. However, the unemployment rate for persons older than 15 years in 2005 was 12. 7. During the last period, banks improved their performance through loan activities. Loans for personal consumption dominated in 2000-2001, thus nowadays, corporate loans indicate the boosting investment activities. (www. balcanionline. it) According to the Global Competitiveness Index in 2006 , Croatia is ranked on the 51st place, which is 13 places up from the previous year. (www. apin. hr) 3. 3 Social analysis Researches show that Croatian consumers prefer the domestic product if it has equal price and quality as foreign products. Also, they prefer easy available, attractive, intensively advertised and products with good value for money. (www. croatiasa. com) The population is ageing and the standard of living in Croatia rises with small step. Thus, people between 20 and 55 years have the highest disposable income. The consumer lifestyle is influenced by the Italian model of healthy, sport life. (www. hrcak. hr) Consequently, investing in sport centers, summer resorts, spa and ski resorts are the main investing attraction nowadays. (www. croatiasa. com) Croatian are aware of green issues and put effort to protect the environment. Major issues for Croatia are waste management, water treatment and sewerage. Since tourism is the main investing attraction, Croatia implemented project for 177 coastal towns in order to find adequate protection. (www. croatiasa. com) 3. 4 Technological analysis Croatian Program for Innovative Technological Development is established in order to reinforce the RD activities. (www. unpan1. un. org) According to Anon (2004 p. 17) RD is reinforced since â€Å"the Ministry of Science, Education and Sports (MSES) appoints councils for specific areas of science like natural, technical, biomedical, bio-technical, social science and the humanities. In 1975 Croatian IT Society was established. This organization uses IT and enables easier communication in Croatia through: organizing research and development projects and providing services, information and advice, especially for interdisciplinary activities. (www. ifip. or. at) One recent activity is installation of ECDL. Another advanced technology program is E-learning academy (ELA) that provides learning at a distance. (www. e-mentor. edu. pl) 4. Entry mode Given that Hamilton Hotels intend to expand the business, adequate entry mode would be acquisition. Alvarez-Gil at al. , 2003) Acquisition is less risky since the company will operate with familiar operations. Additionally, income will increase by using the already existing skill force, technology, capacity and easy available local capital and market research. (Hereemann, 2006) Croatia with 4. 5 million population, Slovenia as neighbor and direct access to Adriatic Sea, has convenient attractions. Skilled labor, developed transport infrastructure and easy communication are another advantages. (www. croatiaproperty. rg) According to the Investment Promotion Law level foreign and domestic investors are delighted with equal incentives. (www. croatiaproperty. org) With only 1 month required to register the business, Croatia proposes several incentives: 1)corporate tax Companies that invest approximately 700 000 $ and will create 10 new jobs, have 10 ? corporate tax level. 30 jobs and investing 1. 8 million $ brings 7 ? tax. 3 ? tax level is for 3. 5 million $ invested with 50 jobs and 0 ? tax level is for 10. 6 million $ and 75 new jobs. (www. mingorp. hr) 2)Property ownership rights Foreign company in Croatia established for business activities is registered as domestic legal entity (www. croatiabiz. com ) 3) Repatriation of profits Foreign investor can relocate the earnings without legal restrictions according to the Foreign Exchange Transaction and Trade in Gold Act (www. croatiabiz. com ) 4) Free zones Free Trade Zones are built in the area affected by wars. The government offers 50 % deducting of corporate tax if operations are launched there. Those companies that are involved in building the infrastructure in the free zones, don’t pay corporate tax.

Consumer Behaviour in Fashion Industry

Consumer Behaviour in Fashion Industry David Holloway had always been rather rebellious and he continued to be so during his time studying fashion. However, he produced annual collections which stunned his teachers with their inventiveness and attention to detail. During his time at college David developed his skill as a tailor, so in his leaving collection (2005), the output was not only inventive, it was also technically very well made. David was employed by a major fashion house and spent two years producing ground-breaking designs, elevating the house from the simply sophisticated to the cutting edge of fashion. David was in demand on the UK fashion scene. He was runner up in the Fashion Designer of the Year competition in 2007, having been the winner of Best New Fashion Designer of the Year in 2006, but as he was often said awards dont necessarily put money in the till. Freeway fashion ltd designed and manufactured David Holloways designs for sale at a range of specialist high and retail outlets and also created designs for more mid market outlets on a commission basis. The 2008/2009 revenue year had been difficult for freeway fashion ltd. No new ideas were seen in the offerings at the spring 2010 collection and sales were static. In spite of having scarce time, information, and resources, I have tried my best to fulfill all the requirements of the report and sought to apply my knowledge of Consumer behavior as a process. Jump to:   TASK 1 7 Introduction Fashion Consumer motivation Importance of fashion in peoples lives TASK 2 14 Role of celebrities in the adoption Stimuli TASK 3 19 Way to deal with changing profile customer Innovators of fashion design Reference group theory TASK 4 28 Research method for Freeway Fashion Ltd Sample frame Non- consumer research method TASK 5 39 Monitory system for Freeway fashion ltd Problem statement: Based on information it is possible to acquire, draw up a picture of fashion clothing market (both male and female) in a country of your choice. Some of the general areas you might consider include: What is fashion and how is it manifested in the clothing market? What are the consumer motivations for being and staying in fashion? Why is fashion important in peoples lives? Introduction: Fashion is always changed by social and cultural attitude, place, time etc. Fashion designers design fashion by considering customers needs, current situation and a wide range of colors, patterns, and styles.  [1]  Here is a complete picture of clothing market in Bangladesh. Fashion: Fashion a general term for a currently popular style or practice especially in clothing. Fashion clothes express a person who is he or she what he or she value. Fashion is always changing slightly elusive, extreme, and seductive. It has the power to change an image and create a social statement.  [2]  The fashion industry is the product of modern age. From the designers perspective the key was keeping in tune with all dynamic changes happening in the market and then translating those into required products when the customer acknowledge. Ancient Bengali fashion garments generally used unstitch although Bengali knew regarding sewing. Bangladeshi female wears traditional clothing such as sari. There are various styles of fashion clothing available in Bangladeshi market. The fashion market of Bangladesh is witnessing strong growth owing to a young population, an increase in disposable incomes, which is leading to increase in consumption and thus the rapid growth in organisation retail. Characteristics to manifest fashion in clothing market: Clothing is one of the codes for reading society. Selecting the right clothes is the first and foremost step in creating an overall style statement. The fashion magazines and the fashion shows are of great help determining what is chosen or not.  [3]   Fashion is manifested by constant change in form where the function remains constant. In clothing market, fashion is always change by consumers buying motivation factors and decision making process. In Bangladesh, the fashion clothing is manifested by the different ways of thinking, social groups, and motivation factors etc. the culture of fashion is inextricably linked to a place or social senses to a community and in clothing market. Fashion is concerned, time and space matter. The fashion market is apposite for exploring the problem posed by market behaviour as it relates to creativity. The fashion industry is manifested in several ways. The external sociological factors have influences on customer such as family, friends, neighbor, other informal and noncommercial sources, social class and cultural and subcultural memberships. Demographic characteristics will affect both the type of clothing that individuals will consume fashion:  [4]   Age: this remains one of the main determinants of peoples buying behaviour despite social changes which have taken place, such as the slump in teenage fashion. Gender: also an important factor affecting a persons choice of clothing, gender remains important since there are very few genuinely unisex fashion item even jeans are advertised as either feminine or masculine. Occupation: clothing can be chosen to reflect ones professional status and choice of buying. Economics circumstances Social class Consumer motivation: Consumer motivation is an internal state that derives person to choose and buy products or services which fulfill conscious and unconscious desire or needs. The fulfillment of those demands can then motivate them to make a repeat purchase or to find different goods and services to better fulfillment those desires.  [5]   In Bangladesh, the fashion clothing market depends on how necessary a purchase is to an individual his motivational levels may vary from low to high. Motivational factors include familiarity with purchase, status factors and overall expense and value. The hierarchy of needs of Maslow (1970) provides a framework within which to explore the role that fashion plays in driving and motivating. Maslows hierarchy of needs Physiological needs: Physiological needs are those required to sustain life. These is prompt the purchase of a winter coat in winter season by a person. This model may appear slightly out dated in todays fashion society continually consumers are finding it easier to satisfy this lower level need leading to greater emphasis being placed upon how they are viewed in fashion society. Safety needs: These relate to both physical and emotional safety, although this may in general be a minor issue for fashion marketers. Some purchases will involve a high level of safety consciousness, such as taking into account the flammability of children nightwear. Here consumers feels to purchase good clothes. Social groups: Consumer social needs includes love, affection, belonging and acceptance from: Groups Family Roles and status Social needs can exert a powerful influence on fashion purchase, as is exemplified by the complex issues involved in the teenage purchase of T-shirts.  [6]   Esteem needs: This implies the need for recognition from others. Prestige or the wish to enhance consumers reputation is a motivating force across the whole fashion spectrum, from street fashion to haute couture.  [7]   Need for self-actualisation: This is often interpreted as the expression of creativity or some type of spiritual fulfillment. The fashion consumers can be observed by this motivational force at work in both the creative dresser. Consumer maintains the high Image enhancement Social uniqueness Importance of fashion in peoples lives: Fashion seems to be ubiquities and a permanent dimension of human behaviour. Fashion is new delight for consumer. Fashion is something which is special we deal with everyday. Clothes create a wordless means of communication that we all understand.  [8]   Express personality: Fashion is a way by which consumers can express their personality. So it is easier to judge and realize others personality by the help of fashion. Social uniqueness: people always seek to be unique. It is easier to express or act uniquely if one strongly maintain own fashion avoided criticism. Image enhancement: fashion is important because it allows consumers to project the image that they want others to see. Consumer can enhance their beauty by wearing fashion clothes. Spread culture: Fashion play an important part in our culture. In Bangladesh, women think of saris sari is not only worn in Bangladesh these days but others countries such as Mexico and African people love to wear saris to get the feel of Indian subcontinent culture. Increasing confident: Fashion is required to make the consumer feel the best. When somebody wears fashionable clothes that fit his or her properly and it can add a boost of confidence. Position in society: fashion is required to make position the consumer in his or her society. Fashion clothes increases the social status of a consumer who wears fashionable clothes. Fashion has become a part of our life. Nobody can remain untouched without fashion. People must have some idea and kind of fashion to show their existence in present society. It is very important at all the time and no one cant think or stay without fashion whoever is conscious. Task 2 Problem statement: What is the role of celebrity and peer pressure in the adoption of fashion clothing? What are the stimuli for purchase? What is the role played by the mass media? Adoption of fashion: fashion adoption is an important concept in the fashion industry. Fashion is defines as a style of clothes or behaviour in the latest style. Fashion adoption is not related to age, education or marital status, i.e. demographic variables, but is corrected with fashion purchasing, magazine, readership, and frequency of shopping for clothes. Role of celebrities in the adoption of fashion clothing: Celebrities have greatly influenced consumers in this decade. International stars like Medona, Beyonce and Sara Jessica Parker have become more influential role models for customers. Celebrities provide role models by which people can judge themselves and can be used as images to which they can aspire.  [9]   Brand awareness: celebrities create brand awareness among consumers and peoples life style. Fashion image: fashion image relates consumers perception about fashions favorable, unique, and strong related associated that fashion products might benefit from. Celebrities help consumers for enhancing their images. In fashion, consumers follow a certain norm in order to get the majority style of trends. Celebrities take place the eye of the world updating on what fashion they have adopted. New trend: latest fashion trends are always started on what fashion clothes are worn by the celebrities and models. Enhance uniqueness: celebrities always have their own identity in creating their own style of fashion. So consumers try to make self uniqueness learning the celebrities life. Role of peer pressure in the adoption of fashion clothing: Peer is generally acknowledger siblings or friend.  [10]  They are some people that an individual keep in mind when making a purchase. Peer groups are important because they inform and make individuals aware of specific products and brand for adopting fashion. Peer influence on the attitudes, thoughts, and actions of an individual. Peer influence on products purchase decision. Encouraging the person to change their attitude and help to get the new fashion. Peer pressure is probably the strongest influence on adolescent brand choices which is symbolic good for clothes and adoption fashion.  [11]   Stimuli Stimuli: Stimuli are events in environment that influence behaviour.  [12]  Consumer buying behaviour is influenced by numerous factors. Decision making questions such as what, why, how, where and when consumers buy are influenced by three major conditions. Stimuli for purchase are a mechanism to bring into entropy the four different images of self defined by Freud. Freuds theory of personality is based on the idea that much of consumer behaviour in fashion is determined by forces outside awareness. Personality stereotypes may change overtime.  [13]  There are three levels of awareness: conscious mind, preconscious mind, subconscious mind.  [14]   The id: The id is the Freudian structure of personality that consists of unconscious nature.  [15]  This id is conceptualized as a warehouse of primitive and impulsive drives. Here consumer has no real perception reality and seeks to satisfy his or her needs. The super ego: The super ego is conceptualized as the individuals internal expression of societys moral and ethical codes of conduct. In this stage the individuals satisfies needs in a socially acceptable fashion. The ego: The ego is a consumers conscious control. The ego is based on the reality principle.  [16]  The ego functions in the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious mind. Freuds personality theory of consumer personality believe that customer drives are largely unconscious and that consumers are primarily unaware of their true reasons for buying fashion products what they buy. The role of mass media: The mass media, including all types of TV channels, radio, paper, newspaper always play a vital role in our modern fashion life. They have changed our life very much. Mass media affects consumers fashion by showing celebrities fashion life, fashion shows etc Mass media have a great contribution to shape consumers ways of thinking. Mass media increases our awareness about fashion by when we watch on TV, radio. Task 3 Problem statement: Fashionable products often have difficulty remaining fashionable. This question addresses: How do fashion based companies deal with changing customer profiles for their products? Who are the innovators and early users of fashion products? Explain the role of COO (country of origin) effect in relation to fashion design and outsourced manufacturing? What influence does reference group theory have on the possession and brand fashion goods? Ways to deal with changing profile customer: Fashion based companies need to deal with their changing profile customer for their existing and new products. These companies should consider ways to grow the fashion market via existing and new products, in existing and new markets. Market penetration: (existing market and existing product) This strategy is seeking a larger market share in a market in which organisation has already offerings.  [17]   Attracting buyers of competing offerings(fashionable product) Stimulating fashion product trial among potential customers Product Existing new Fashion Market penetration Fashion Product development Fashion Market development Fashion Diversification Existing Market New Fig: 4Ps of marketing mix Product development: ( existing market ands and new product) Fashion companies create new offering for existing fashion markets. Product augmentation- enhances the value to customer of existing fashion clothes. Product line extension- broad the existing line of offering by adding different trend, sizes, forms, colors etc. Fashion market development : (new market, existing product) Fashion companies are introducing its existing offerings to customers than other those that the fashion company is currently serving. Carefully consider competitor strengths and weakness and competitor relation potential Modification of the basic offering Change in sales effort and advertising Diversification: (new market, new offering) Fashion companies can develop of offerings new and introduce those offerings to new customers not previously served by these organisations. Growing trend in recent years. Fashion companies also include following factors to deal with customers: Branding: Positioning is how a product appears in relation to other products in market.  [18]  Brand can be positioned against competitors brand. Observational research: It is a social research technique that involves the direct observation in natural setting. It is very flexible to researchers because they can change their approach whenever they want. Fashion based company can deal with this strategy by researching the actual wants and needs of customer.  [19]   CRM (Customer relationship management): CRM strategy helps the fashion based companies improve the profitability of their interaction with customers. To succeed with CRM companies need to match products and campaigns to prospects and customers life cycle. Fashion companies can gather customer data by CRM Market analysis: Fashion companies should analyse the market by following dimension: Market size Market growth rate Market profitability Distribution channel Trend Key factor success Decision: Fashion based company always need to deal with present customer and also they want to cope the new customer or competitor customer. to increase the customer growth rate, company should make perfect strategy for staying core customer and changing fashion image of organisation. Innovators of fashion products: Innovators are early users of fashion products. The adoption process begins with a tiny numbers of visionary, imaginative innovations. They are the first individual to adopt an innovation. Innovators are:  [20]   Willing to take risk Youngest in age Have the highest social status Have great financial lucidity Social Closest contact to scientific sources More cosmopolitan More self confident Better educated More active outside of their community, etc. Early users of fashion products: Early users are the second fastest category of individuals who adopt fashion products. Early users are: Younger in age Higher social class or status Well educated Socially forward than late adopters Reliant on group norms and values than innovators. More likely to be opinion leaders because of their close affiliation groups. Country of Origin: Country of origin is the country of manufacture, production or growth where products comes from.  [21]   Role of COO effect in fashion design: Differentiating products from the competitors  [22]   Impact on consumers quality perceptions of products: brand image, brand personality, brand associations, communication messages influence the perception of customers about the quality of a brand.  [23]   Preference for and willingness to buy products Effect of affinity and animosity toward the country of origin: country associations do lead to customer bias. Such bias is based on the image of the country in customers minds. Economy, technology, wealth index, regulatory mechanisms, government, business history of any country makes up the image of a country on the customers mind. Consumers product evaluations and choice: The very reason a company indulges in branding is to assist customers in making purchase decisions by providing cues on quality, credibility and value about a product. Effect of country-of-association Consumers state of familiarity about the product: As the COO information is available, consumers will view it as relevant information and deliberately use it in their evaluation of products. Whether fashion clothing is considered as luxury good to the consumers Exert its influence on product judgment.  [24]   Role of Country of Origin (COO) in outsourced manufacturing: Decrease in production costs  [25]   Flexibility Technological advantages Use of advanced skills Global competition Reference group theory: A reference group is group of people (or even one person) which provides a point of comparison or reference for the consumer in the formation of values and attitudes, which in turn affect buying behaviour.  [26]   Reference-group theory asserts that peoples self-evaluations are determined not only by their objective position but also by their standing relative to specific persons with whom they compare. Because an individuals self-evaluations can rise or fall depending on which group he looks to when making comparative judgments, specifying the conditions under which people select one or another comparative reference-group would appear to be vital to a more complete elaboration of reference-group theory.  [27]   Influences of reference group theory on the possession and brand of fashion goods: Reference group influence has been treated as a multinational construct based on the assumption that influence can occur for different motivational reasons. The two types of social influence systems are: Normative social influence: it is the desire to confirm to the expectations of another person or group.  [28]   Informational social influence: it is an influence to accept information obtained from another as evidence about reality.  [29]   Influences of reference group theory are: Influence on marketing studies Influence on the attitudes of those individuals who apply it as a reference point for evaluating their own fashion.  [30]   Influence on consumers evaluation, aspirations, or behavior  [31]   Influence on product selection, brand evaluation and choice, brand loyalty, and perceptions of product quality. Reference groups can be critical source of brand meaning. Consumers use reference group as a source of information for adopting fashion. Consumers may form self brand connections to the brands used by reference groups to which they belong. Consumer may avoid associations derived from groups to which reference groups do not belong. Task 4 Problem statement: Based on where Freeway Fashions are positioned in the market, what forms of market research would you recommend they use in order to stay up to date with cutting edge fashion trends? How you would derive your customer sample frame(s) and what might they be asked? How would you deal with trade and retail opinion? What forms of additional non customer research would you recommend to the company? Should Delphi method type research techniques be consider? Research method for freeway fashion Ltd: Freeway fashion ltd was born in September 2007.freeway fashion designed and manufactured David Holloways designs for sale at a range of specialist high and retail outlets and also created designs for mid market outlets on a commission basis. The economic regression began to affect the fashion industry and Davids second year was no lucrative as first years. The two reasons for declined the profit are people were more careful in their purchase and Davids design was attracting only a different types of people. From the above evaluation of positioned market of Freeway Fashion ltd, I have to recommend following research method for this fashion company to stay up to date with cutting edge fashion trends. Consumer researchers today use two different types of research methodology: Quantitative research: It is descriptive in nature and is used to by researchers to understand the effects of various promotional inputs on the consumer, thus enabling researchers to predict the consumer behaviour.  [32]  Freeway fashion ltd enable to predict the consumer demand by using quantitative research method. This method consists of: experiments, survey techniques, and observation Qualitative method: Qualitative research method includes depth interview, focus group, metaphor analysis, collage research and projective techniques. Freeway fashion ltd administer this techniques by highly trained interviewer. This method helps to find out new ideas, develop promotional strategy.  [34]   The major steps in the consumer market research include  [35]   Define the objectives of research: it is first and difficult step for Freeway Fashion ltd to carefully design the objective. Objectives help to define the type and level of information needed.  [36]   To segment the market for Freeway Fashion ltd offerings To assess consumers attitude towards this organisation services and quality Collecting secondary data: secondary data includes both external and internal data. It can be obtained cheaply. Freeway fashion ltd should collect the data from buyer and also from external fashion consumer market. The sources of secondary data: Internal sources Governmental sources Periodicals, magazines, books Commercial data Designing primary research: if Freeway fashion ltd needs descriptive information then it undertakes quantitative method. If this organisation needs new ideas such as positioning or repositioning of fashion clothing then it undertakes qualitative research.  [

Edward Jenner :: essays research papers

Edward Jenner â€Å"Now James, I need you to try to stay completely still. It may hurt your arm a bit when I make the cuts. It won’t take too terribly long, and if you pay close attention it will be done before you know it. Nurse, please hold his arm out towards me. Please be sure that he doesn’t move his arm, I don’t want there to be any accidents.† â€Å"Those were the last words I heard until the first tests were over. I was in the office of one of the most amazing men I have ever known. His name is Edward Jenner; and I was one of his test subjects in finding a cure for smallpox. Smallpox is a disease that most people who contract it call one of the most painful and frightening experiences of their lives.† â€Å"My name is James Philliphs, the first person given the smallpox vaccine; and the one who helped Edward Jenner prove that it actually works. At the first appointment I stepped into Jenner’s office, he told me about the test procedure, and the called for an assistant to help him run the test. He then asked me to sit down a chair and relax, then asked me to stay patient and stay still as he made two small cuts in my arm. Well, he made the cuts; and they didn’t hurt at all. Now Jenner told me he would be introducing a lesser-known disease called â€Å"cowpox† to the cuts. Cowpox was believed by some to be the only safe way to effectively develop immunities to smallpox. Jenner himself said that when someone had overcome cowpox; they had also become immune to smallpox.† â€Å"A little less than fifty or so days after the first day of testing, was called back to Edward Jenner’s office for my second appointment. We followed basically the same procedure as the first time. Although this time he introduced the cuts to smallpox. The strangest thing happened, we waited and waited. But like Jenner predicted, it had no effect on me at all.† Everyone who heard the news of Jenner’s discovery was amazed. He had successfully come up with the first safe cure for naturally occurring smallpox. Before Jenner’s acclaimed â€Å"Vaccination†, the only way to become immune to smallpox was to get infected by it, and then hopefully survive it. A woman named Mary Wortley introduced this method in 1718, 78 years before Jenner’s solution.

Sone Clay and Glass Industry :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Stone, Clay, Glass, and Concrete Products Industry generates a broad array of products, primarily through physical modification of mined materials. The industry includes establishments engaged in the manufacturing of flat glass and other glass products, cement, structural clay products, pottery, concrete and gypsum products, cut stone, abrasive and asbestos products, and other products.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Under the Stone, Clay, Glass, and Concrete is the Structural Clay industry which will be the primary focus of the report. Clay consists of the finest-grain particles in sediment, soil, or rock, and a rock or a deposit containing a large component of clay-size material. Clay can be composed of any inorganic materials, such as clay minerals, allophane, quartz, feldspar, zeolites, and iron hydroxides, that possess a sufficiently fine grain size. Along with organic matter, water, and air, clays are one of the four main components of soil. Physical properties of clay include plasticity when wet, the ability to form colloidal suspensions when dispersed in water, and the tendency to clump together (flocculate) and settle out in saline water. Establishments that fall within the Structural Clay Products Industry (SIC code 325) are primarily engaged in using different types of clay and other additives to manufacture brick and structural clay tile, ceramic wall and floor til e, clay firebrick and other heat-resisting products, and clay sewer pipe. The mining of clay used to make structural clay products are not included within SIC code 32.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The U.S. Bureau of Mines categorizes clay into six groups: ball clay; bentonite; common clay and shale; fire clay; fuller's earth; and kaolin. Ball clay is a plastic, white-firing clay that has a high degree of strength as well as plasticity. Principal ball clay markets in 1992 were pottery, floor and wall tile, and sanitary ware. Bentonite is a clay composed mainly of smectite minerals. The three major uses of bentonite in 1992 were drilling mud, foundry sand, and iron ore pelletizing. Common clay and shale contain mixtures of differing proportions of clay, including illite, chlorite, kaolinite, and montmorillonite, plus other nonclay materials. The largest user of these clays is the structural clay products industry, which manufactures brick, drain tile, sewer pipe, conduit tile, glazed tile, and terra cotta. Fire clays can withstand very high temperatures and consist mainly of kaolinite. These clays are used in commercial refractory products such as firebrick a nd block. Fuller's earth, either the attapulgitetype or montmorillonite-type, is used in pet waste absorbents, oil and grease absorbents, and pesticide carriers. Sone Clay and Glass Industry :: essays research papers   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Stone, Clay, Glass, and Concrete Products Industry generates a broad array of products, primarily through physical modification of mined materials. The industry includes establishments engaged in the manufacturing of flat glass and other glass products, cement, structural clay products, pottery, concrete and gypsum products, cut stone, abrasive and asbestos products, and other products.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Under the Stone, Clay, Glass, and Concrete is the Structural Clay industry which will be the primary focus of the report. Clay consists of the finest-grain particles in sediment, soil, or rock, and a rock or a deposit containing a large component of clay-size material. Clay can be composed of any inorganic materials, such as clay minerals, allophane, quartz, feldspar, zeolites, and iron hydroxides, that possess a sufficiently fine grain size. Along with organic matter, water, and air, clays are one of the four main components of soil. Physical properties of clay include plasticity when wet, the ability to form colloidal suspensions when dispersed in water, and the tendency to clump together (flocculate) and settle out in saline water. Establishments that fall within the Structural Clay Products Industry (SIC code 325) are primarily engaged in using different types of clay and other additives to manufacture brick and structural clay tile, ceramic wall and floor til e, clay firebrick and other heat-resisting products, and clay sewer pipe. The mining of clay used to make structural clay products are not included within SIC code 32.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The U.S. Bureau of Mines categorizes clay into six groups: ball clay; bentonite; common clay and shale; fire clay; fuller's earth; and kaolin. Ball clay is a plastic, white-firing clay that has a high degree of strength as well as plasticity. Principal ball clay markets in 1992 were pottery, floor and wall tile, and sanitary ware. Bentonite is a clay composed mainly of smectite minerals. The three major uses of bentonite in 1992 were drilling mud, foundry sand, and iron ore pelletizing. Common clay and shale contain mixtures of differing proportions of clay, including illite, chlorite, kaolinite, and montmorillonite, plus other nonclay materials. The largest user of these clays is the structural clay products industry, which manufactures brick, drain tile, sewer pipe, conduit tile, glazed tile, and terra cotta. Fire clays can withstand very high temperatures and consist mainly of kaolinite. These clays are used in commercial refractory products such as firebrick a nd block. Fuller's earth, either the attapulgitetype or montmorillonite-type, is used in pet waste absorbents, oil and grease absorbents, and pesticide carriers.

William Shakespeares Use of Song in the Early Comedies Essay -- Biogr

Shakespeare's Use of Song in the Early Comedies Undertaken to determine what features make a song germane to the story in successful musical theater, this study outlines some characteristics of Shakespeare's use of song. Chosen from the plays with which the present author is most familiar-the early comedies-are three substantial pieces (each headed in the play by either "Song" or "sing," and each with at least two stanzas and refrain): "You Spotted Snakes," "Sigh No More," and "Under the Greenwood Tree." A close reading of the lyrics and surrounding text will establish the contribution of the song to plot, theme, and character, and a study of the form itself will support these aspects and perhaps explain the success of the lyrics in making a song. First in the study of Shakespeare's songs, "You Spotted Snakes" of A Midsummer Night's Dream (II.ii.9-24) demonstrates each of the aspects outlined above. To begin, by answering Queen Titania's command "Sing me now asleep" (II.ii.7), this lullaby serves to advance the plot: during the song the queen not only retires but achieves such slumber as endures undisturbed by King Oberon's ensuing mischief. This function resembles that of "Let Me the Canakin Clink" in Othello II.iii.71-75), explains Seng: "not only to establish an atmosphere . . . but to 'stretch' stage-time and make Cassio's rapid drunkenness plausible" (186). Further, Seng relates, an Elizabethan audience "believed that music had actual therapeutic value": the fairy song is "more than a lullaby, or even a magic lullaby; it is a charm to ward off evils" (31-32). That the song lulls Titania asleep is its obvious function, but that it also saves her from the snakes and spiders should be apparent even to modern audiences... ...r, 10 May 1993: 97-98. Long, John H. Shakespeare's Use of Music: A Study of the Music and its Performance in the Original Production of Seven Comedies. Gainesville: U of Florida P, 1961. HSU ML8O.55.L7 Rollin, Lucy. Cradle and All: A Cultural and Psychoanalytic Reading of Nursery Rhymes. Jackson: UP of Mississippi, 1992. HSU PR.976.R6 Seng, Peter J. The Vocal Songs in the Plays of Shakespeare: A Critical History. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1967. HSU ML80.55.535 Shakespeare, William. The Complete Works of William Shakespeare. Ed. W. G. Clark and W. Aldis Wright. 2 vols. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, n.d. Sternfeld, F. W. Music in Shakespearean Tragedy. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1963. HSU ML8O.55.58 Walter, J. H. Introduction to King Henry V. Ed. Walter. The Arden Ed. of the Works of William Shakespeare. London: Methuen, 1954. HSU PR.2812.A2.W3.

Graphics page Essay

Whether they are interested in tennis, if they are a fan and what events or players would they like to visit if possible. (Interests) Whether or not the person is interested in purchasing such a product that I will be making, and if so why not? * Do they have any suggestions or preferences in what they would like to buy or view from this merchandise? Why is this? * Do they appreciate merchandise such as posters and banners to be colourful, jazzy, plain or dark? The person’s coloured and style preferences perhaps. Do they prefer products to have lots of text information or do they not? If yes, what should the content be about? E. g. ) The product or the purpose?   What sort of images and logos would they prefer to view on these pages, and in what background? E. g. ) Artistic, photographic, computerized, etc†¦ what will create the best effects for people to appreciate it and be attracted to what it is aiming to the audience.   What sort of advertisement methods would most attract them to the product either to purchase it or to view it even? Information such as this provided in the questionnaire results will be very important for me to analyse and use when designing and making my merchandise. I will definitely need to consider it, otherwise there is no point in making these products in such ways that will not attract people, please them or catch their interest to follow the purpose of the poster. The reason for making something is for it to appeal to people’s preferences and the purpose of my tennis poster is to attract people to view it and realise the development of the state-of-the-art tennis stadium. The merchandise acts as examples of what they can purchase at this newly proposed stadium and helps to promote generally. Therefore, I will need to consider aspects such as colour, texture, size, special effects aswell as the type of imagery, content and textual styles I should use in order for it to be portrayed as worthwhile. Therefore the research is essential for this practical area of my project to be good and relevant.